Us Policy On Iraq Essay Example for Free

Us Policy On Iraq EssayThe struggle in Iraq has been costly not only to the Iraqis and Americans but to the whole world. most political analysts say that it is ironical that the war on terrorism has led to increased terrorism activities in defiance and retaliation. Events such as the February 22, 2006 bombing of the favorable Mosque in Samarra, the attack in Mumbai this week and countless suicide attacks in and out of Iraq adjudge been reservation head debates. In Iraq, such activities atomic number 18 undermining efforts of the current transitional government and the US and her every last(predicate)ies to bring peace and stability in the region. Seemingly, terrorists and insurgents are keen to undermine Iraqs economy, security, and political process. This has led to different billet asking for a change in the US Iraq policy to angiotensin-converting enzyme that is based the desire of Iraqis for the speedy formation of an inclusive, national unity government that serves the interests of all Iraqis without drawing so much peevishness and hostility from the people and form a sable government. Though the Iraqis themselves produced this key provision (transitional government), the United States throughout helped drive agreement on it and other key provisions be it on religion, fossil oil allocation, or federalism.T here(predicate)fore, looking at the present US Iraq policy helps in understanding the whole process in Iraq as to why these polices are not working and the war continues almost 6 years down the line at the expense of the tax payers coin. This paper looks at these policies and evaluates how successful or unsuccessful they have been and make recommendations for alternative policies. Policies According to the dossier on US Iraq policy http//www. uspolicy. be/issues/iraq/iraq. asp), the US activities in Iraq are based on A noble fair and just war Suppression of the fundament and Reconstruction of Iraq Fairness of the warThe underlying po licy in the war in Iraq has been that the war in Iraq is noble, necessary and fair. President scrub has been clarifying o n the importance of the war saying that Defeating the enemy in Iraq go away make it less likely we will face this enemy here at home. (www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2008/03/20080319-3. html). This one single policy locks out all arguments that have been fronted or were fronted even the before the war began. As such, the US feels compelled to attack and occupy Iraq until she feels that her main reason of going to war as to liberate the people of Iraqis fulfilled.But does this bring another definition of freedom into the blaze? Salim 2007 asks. The author says that the presence of American and allies troops in Iraq is a threat of the peace and freedom they claim to fight for the people of Iraq. The Bush organization believes that the war in Iraq is noble in that it is carried out in the right manner in a conscious way. What necessitated the war were the claims by the Bush government activity that the government of Sadam Hussein was supporting terror groups and terrorism activities. Now with the man they sought dead, what else could then be the driver to increased instances of terrorism activities?This is one hesitation that the Americans have not paused and addressed it unto themselves according to one online analyst Suppression of the Al-Qaeda As one of the leading terror groups in the world and the one responsible for the terror attacks in the US world trade center, Al-Qaeda is blacklisted by the American government to be denied memory introduction to resources that would enable the group to birth out its terrorism activities. With the group based in Iraq, it is feared that it will easily gain access to the numerous oil fields and utilize those resources in undermining planetary peace efforts.As a result, the targeting of the Al-Qaeda as a group and not Iraq as a country has created a long list of countries that the Bush ad ministration feels deserves action. Among them are Syria, Sudan and Somalia. In light of this view, the American government insists that the idea of attacking Iraq was not for political reasons or economic gains but by a justified reason to protect the globe from terror harm. Continued occupation of Iraq by the US and her allies thus is in pursuance of the denying the terror groups and access to resources.This is accomplished by ensuring that Iraq has a stable government that is capable of handling internal hostilities and insurgencies which are led by the terror groups. Therefore, it would seem irresponsible of the US withdrawing from Iraq without due suppression of the Al-Qaeda. Unfortunately, suppression of the group has not been as successful as such. Countless minor or affiliate terror groups have sp streamletg up and continue to carry out their deadly attacks. This indicates that there is need to change the manner in which the US approaches the terror group.The approach of den ying the groups access to oil money does not seem to work as it may be that the terror groups have other sources of resources to finance their activities. Reconstruction of Iraq Two wars against Iraq by the US have crippled the infrastructure of Iraq that is currently an eyesore. The gulf war and the present war have reduced oil production from the worlds third largest oil militia with 84 billion barrels of oil under her surface. Decreased production has created an oil crisis in the global market leading to skyrocketing petrol and oil products.Reconstructing Iraq and maintaining peace and stability in the region is seen as of the ways of bringing down the global oil prices that are hurting very many economies. As the attacker, the US government is bound by moral and humanitarian obligations to correct the effects of the war and reconstruct the economy. Prior to the war, the US had promised to reconstruct the country aft(prenominal) the ousting of Saadam. Thus even as the war cont inues, the US government is committed into helping Iraq find her path to economic prosperity a d realize full democracy.As evidence of this, the US government has been financing almost entirely the transitional government in Iraq either in commit aid o humanitarian aid. Unfortunately, most of the aid forwarded to the country according to Pilisuk and Rountree (2008) is in form of military aid. The incoming of Iraq The unprecedented length in the Iraq war has called for reevaluation of strategies used in the war. The Bush administration has unveiled six elements it incorporates in its new policy on the Iraq war (http//www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2007/01/20070110-3. html). 1. placing leadership on Iraqi people 2.Empowering Iraqi people to defend themselves against terrorism 3. Isolate extremists 4. Facilitate democracy 5. Diversify political and economic efforts 6. Situate the strategy in a regional approach. By letting the Iraq people lead, then the Iraqis will take responsib ility of their own actions and have more responsibility in decision making that will be very critical in stabilizing the region. The second element of helping the Iraq people protect the population has two sides of it. For one, the Iraqi nationals will be convoluted in fighting terrorism. Secondly, the citizens will keep away from terrorism activities national and international.All these elements are going to be accomplished in four fronts economic, political, regional and security. Iraq was formerly the leading economy in the Arab world in the late 1980s. Prior to the Gulf War, the country was using her oil reserves for economic development and prosperity. A series of external attacks have derailed the country from its earlier path and it today relies heavily on foreign aid to run basic government operations. At the moment, the country is just a shell of the former self. Questions have been raised over the effectiveness of the US policies on Iraq and the future of the country.Now that the US economy is facing financial turmoil, the questions on whether the aid assistance to Iraq will continue if of utmost importance. The recent signing of an agreement between the US government and the transitional Iraq government signed an agreement allowing the US troops to remain in Iraq beyond 2008 into the year 2009. Unfortunately, some of the Iraq people are not well-heeled with this move. They view that the presence of American troops in their territory infringes on the countrys sovereignty and it is tantamount to total push away of democracy and independence of one country.They therefore call for the unconditional withdrawal of all foreign troops in the region. The expected coming to power of Barack Obama as the US president provides some hope for a change in policy in how the US handles the situation in Iraq. In his campaign addresses prior to the elections the president elect promised a phased pout withdrawal of American and allied troops from the region that wou ld approximately take 16 months. In addition to this, the fact that the president elect was against the waging of the war from the very word go shows that there is a looming drastic change in the American policy on Iraq formerly he occupies office.The current economic crisis in America will throw Iraq into further turmoil unless quick strategized withdrawal is put into place. Before the on bound of the war, the Bush administration claimed that Iraq had in its possession weapons of mass destruction which were suspect of being used for terrorism purposes. Therefore, the idea behind the war was based on recovery of these weapons and the toppling of the Saddam regime as a supporter of terrorist groups. Unfortunately, only the toppling of Sadaam happened as no weapons of mass destruction were seized.Assuming that the terrorism groups never gained access to the weapons where else could they source such weapons? By adopting such a question, then the US government can have a broader pers pective on the fight against terrorism. The resentment by the Iraq people that have fueled increased internal terror activities have resulted from the humanitarian crisis present in the country. US troops have been accuse of committing humanitarian atrocities among them killing of innocent civilians and raping of women and young girls.It would seem appropriate then that the US government carries out its operations in Iraq with a lot of discourage over the volatility of the region and the sensitivity of the connection between Islamics and terrorism. This is because among the many violations that the troops are accused of, a majority of them have a spiritual violation connotation. This is very important in that abrupt withdrawal of troops could throw to waste all the efforts made in stabilizing the region and finally winning the war on terror.In conclusion, it would seem that the best manner in which to carry on the war and formulate polices in handling the war, the involved parti es in coalition forces and the US should emphasis on winning the confidence and trust of the Iraqi people. Some of the hostilities meted against sympathizers of presence of foreign troop are not terrorism based but an expression of the anger of the presence of the troops. Unfortunately, the US has not been keen to interpret such incidences as so but is comfortable with the labeling of such activities as terrorism.Therefore, the future of Iraq lies in how strategically America positions itself in the eyes of Iraqis and the success of sanitizing the existing image of America in the eyes of Muslim extremists. Works cited Pilisuk, M. and Rountree, J. Who benefits from global violence and war, New York Greenwood, 2008 Pillar, P. Terrorism and the US foreign policy, Chicago Brookings 2004 US policy towards Iraq, Washington GPO, 2003 Iraq policy at, (www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2008/03/20080319-3. html US troops to stay in Iraq beyond 2008 www. arabamericannews. com/news/index. php? mod=articlecat=Iraqarticle=670

Labor Systems Essay Example for Free

Labor Systems EssayThere was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the novel success of the Haitian revolution. Most of the movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure from British labor unions. However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more mixed in society.Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given cause. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic break like being house servants or maids. Changes There was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the juvenile success of the Haitian revolution. Most of th e movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure from British labor unions.However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more come to in society. Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given lick. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic process like being house servants or maids. Changes There was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the late(a) success of the Haitian revolution.Most of the movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure fro m British labor unions. However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more snarled in society. Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given cash in ones chips. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic take on like being house servants or maids.Changes There was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the young success of the Haitian revolution. Most of the movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure from British labor unions. However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more twi sting in society.Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given work. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic work like being house servants or maids. Changes There was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the youthful success of the Haitian revolution. Most of the movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure from British labor unions.However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more knotty in society. Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given work. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic wor k like being house servants or maids. Changes There was a decrease in the popularity/ usage of forced labor systems. This was caused by Enlightenment thinking and the recent success of the Haitian revolution.Most of the movements that led to this improvement were led by Simon Bolivar. In the Caribbean, slavery was abolished. It was abolished several years before other regions like the US because of pressure from British labor unions. However, even though slavery was legally abolished, slaves were still obligated to stay with their masters and take on apprenticeships. Women became more touch in society. Women came to Latin America, mainly indentured servants, and they were given work. This was not a large breakthrough though because the only jobs they were given would be domestic work like being house servants or maids.

Understanding the Strength of Poetry Essay Example for Free

Understanding the Strength of Poetry EssayPoetry celebrates the common senses, and sharpens the mind. These attributes make the genre a favorite among understanders who like their literary adventures short in as few as four brilliantly written lines, a poem reader emerges enlightened, his senses heightened by the verses. Such an experience is rendered by impeccable poets like Emily Dickinson and Langston Hughes. These devil very different poets give us two very different poetic experiences, two very different articulatios. Emily Dickinsons strength as a poet lies in her ambiguity. Most of her verses need at least a second reading, because her poetic style makes her poems unconventional readings. The use of dashes and capitalizations make the verses require attentive heighten and intellectual understanding straightaway they are non easy to read, compared to convention tout ensembley-written poems. Nevertheless, this writing style does not diminish the brilliance in the text it instead enhances it. ace example is the poem entitled, Much Madness is divinest sense. The first two lines alone require a pause from the reader so he could go on and read the rest of the lines to be able to get the message of the poem. Another striking attribute of Dickinsons poetry is her preference for death as a topic or as a symbol, at least based on the selection supplied for this paper. The surprising thing close is that although the poems are largely about tragedy, madness and death, the verses do not have a melancholic feel about them. Dickinson seems to cushion the readers from feeling melancholia through her brilliant symbolism and her presentation of little evocations of the subject.For instance, in the poem entitled After great pain, a formal feeling comes, Dickinson likens sadness to death, the use of the words tomb (line 2), wooden (line 6) and stone (line 9) all pertain to, or connote death (please cite the page progeny of your resource here). The poem descri bes the numb emotional state of a person, that space we go through after grieving and before moving on. The literary device used may be grim, but it is most appropriate. The poem succeeds because it beliefively communicates the message.Emily Dickinsons verses are a good read. Her ambiguity however, is what the reader likes and at the same time, dislikes about her. This is the attribute that makes her verses intriguing, the attribute that draws, magnetizes the reader to leaf through the pages but it could likewise make the reader frustrated in trying to decode what Dickinson really meant. Despite this, the strength in Dickinsons poetry is undeniable. She is one poet whose place in literature will always be secure. Langston Hughes is in an entirely different position, compared to Dickinson. Most of his verses reverberate with racial and cultural themes, so that a reader ask to know his background to thoroughly enjoy his poems. Nevertheless, most of his poems in the selection provid ed for this paper have universal themes, so that the verses may be understood and understand as they are, without the cultural context.Dream Deferred, for instance talks about the figurative outcome of ambitiousnesss, of plans, withheld. It causes a deep a resentment that could corrupt the soul Hughes writes that the dream may, fester like a sore/and then run (lines 3-4), or stink like rotten meat (line 6) signifying a dreamers inadequacy to cope with his failure (please cite the page number here). Thus, the reader needs no cultural briefer to understand this poem and to fully relate with its themes. His poem, Same in Blues and Mother to Son also express universal themes.Same in Blues is the illustration of dreams deferred, a humorous portrayal of goals not reached, dreams not fulfilled. Mother to Son, meanwhile, is a touching poem about a mother sharing her life experiences to her son, so that he may be able to divvy up life better. The language however, is unmistakably African -American. His other poems in the selection, however, weigh heavily on his African-American race and its sentiments. In the poems, The Negro speaks of Rivers, and I, Too Hughes gives a voice to the African-American people, asserting their clamor for an equal position in society and dignifying their identity as a people (please cite page number here).The strength of Langston Hughes as a poet lies in the strong voicing of his African-American convictions. He is an important figure in literature precisely because of his strong sense of racial pride. However, his poems appeal not only to the specific group of his race, but to everyone. His verses have the quality of boosting ones pride in ones identity and culture, certainly a universal theme every person can relate to. What is most likeable in the poetry of Langston Hughes is its motivational effect for racial pride. Its verses seem to leap out from the pages and arouse the reader into asserting his racial and cultural identity.The att ribute that may make the reader dislike Hughes verses is the particular that his poems are hinged on racial and cultural contexts. The reader who has no familiarity with the African-American culture may not feel the African-American sentiment. The reader must read up on African-American history first before thoroughly enjoying the Hughes poetic experience. Nonetheless, Langston Hughes is considered a premier poet, a true artistic hero among his people. The vicarious experiences offered by both brilliant poets, Emily Dickinson and Langston Hughes, affirm the strength of poetry to awaken the readers intellect and emotions.

Contribution of Budgets to Planning, Control and Motivation

Contribution of Budgets to preparation, Control and MotivationExplain how budgets contribute to cooking, control and motivation in an disposal Budgeting is a way in which call(a)inges plan for the hereafter. They show how policies are to be carried out during that era period in order to image the job objectives. Budgets not only help the worry plan for the future they too motivate their employees and help manage the business. Jae K Shim and Joel G Sigel define budgeting as a financial plan to control future operations and results. It is expressed in numbers, such as pounds, hours and so on. Budgeting when used effectively is a technique resulting in systematic production wariness. Budgeting facilitates control, communication and also provides motivation to employees. Budgeting helps businesses decide where it wants to be at a future date and what policies they feel they should introduce to make surely they meet their objectives. seening also helps the business anticipate anyPlanning is another purpose of budgeting, and is arguably its primary purpose. Budgeting allows a business to take breed of revenue and expenses from the previous period, and judge where the business will be in future periods. It also allows the placement to add and remove products and services from its plan for the future period. In larger organizations, the budgeting process whitethorn be completed by individual business units and compiled to form a master budget for the organization. This allows top management to get a picture of the entire business so they are able to breach plan accordinglyPlanning is highly infixed for the roaring functioning of any organization, big or small. And there are some different potpourris of planning involvedPlanning, in simple terms, involves drawing up a scheduled list of activities required to secure a particular destruction. In a company or even at home, a certain criterion of planning helps you finish tasks successfully. But in an organization with a gigantic workforce and many hierarchical levels, planning is quintessential to meeting the organizations objectives and targets.Types of Planning in an OrganizationStrategic PlanningOperational Planning financial PlanningMarketing PlanningProactive PlanningStrategic PlanningStrategic planning is the kind of planning that provides direction for the organization on how to proceed in the farseeing run. The organization makes clear the strategy it intends on pursuing to achieve all of its targets, and allocates resources and takes action accordingly. In order to be able to devise the organizations strategy, it is necessary that the organization knows where it stands in terms of its capital availability, its strengths and its weaknesses. Before formulate a strategy, the organization also needs to be aware of the economic conditions, and other environmental factors, which can pose a threat, or provide opportunity for growth. The team at the head of the organization most often does strategic planning. After considering all factors, they devise the strategy that would best help the company meet its goalsOperational PlanningWhile strategic planning looks at the organizations growth in the long run, operational planning is more than about tactical and short-term planning. This planning is essential to ensure that the organization is consistent in terms of its production and distribution of goods and services to the market. As operational planning is for short-term periods, it further helps in devising budgets for the organization. It provides a plan for the allocation of resources and at the same time, it sheds light on the policy decisions of the organization.Financial PlanningMoney matters. For the continued sustenance of anything, from a category to an organization, money is important. But things dont end with just having enough money. Budgeting appropriately and planning on how to use the finance available are signs of a good organization. Financial planning in an organization deals with the preparation of a budget. A budget is a list of all the planned expenditures and revenues of an organization. In certain organizations, the budget is also sometimes referred to as the financial plan, which comprises of the balance sheet, the income statement and the cash flow statement. Financial planning implies estimating the expenses the organization will incur, and the revenues it hopes to earn.Marketing PlanningMarketing is the way, by which companies promote themselves, their company, products and services, to gain the attention of the large number. Marketing is done to make the organization visible in the eyes of the common man so as to clear interest in their business. Market planning is needed to achieve all the marketing targets and objectives. Marketing can be done for any aspect of the organization their products, range of services, or even a brand they are launching. Most often, organizations have a separate marketi ng department, which is exclusively in-charge of carrying out marketing activities on behalf of the company.Proactive PlanningSome organizations plan proactively. Proactive planning means to plan, in advance, for something that has not happened yet. By planning ahead of any event, the organization has more leverage and is armed better to deal with the situation whenever, and if, it arises. The event can be anything, from floods and earthquakes, to riots or strike by employees. Proactive planning follows the motto of, Its better to be safe than sorry.There are a number of other planning processes too that are used by organizations. Some of the others include long term planning, short term planning, reactive planning, formal and informal planning. However, the above-mentioned ones are most commonly followed by organizations. No matter what it is named, any kind of planning is absolutely essential for the growth and success of any organization.Tips How to Prepare an Effective BudgetAn understanding of introductory requirements is necessary to prepare for an effective budget, whether its person-to-person or business budgeting. These requirements involve the need to quantify income and to track expenses regularly.Financial planning tools are available to facilitate tracking and planning. separates avail of a budgeting tool, financial planning software or the more traditional way of hiring a financial adviser or counselor. some(prenominal) financial tool is used, basic factors to achieve an effective budget remain the same. They include the hobbyOutline Patterns of Income and ExpensesTo be able to outline the pattern of preparing a budget, there are two basic elements in any simple or complex budget planning income and expenses. Whatever the basic necessities of an individual, a family or a business entity, income and expenses affect the fig and preparation of budgeting.IncomeA person who has a full-time job is certainly different from a self-employed business owner. It whitethorn be more than a struggle for the self-employed to wait for that contractual check to come in rather than an employee who is sure to receive a weekly, fortnightly or a periodic pay.They are all income but have different effect on budgeting. The total income is identified and written down.ExpensesThere are three basic types of expenses monthly, every quarter and yearly. They are identified and written down. Other relevant records should be delved into and located, from desk drawers, account statements, and other receipts lying around.Identify and Define Financial GoalsFinancial goals may be short-term and/or long-term, often larger expenditures. Personal or family financial goals are identified. For the singles, they dont have to worry about family finances. There are many kinds of goals in life. For this purpose the focus is financial goals. Examples of these are paying off a mortgage in 10 years, paying off a huge amount of credit card or big personal loan, sta rting a business, or a dream plan of holiday to favorite places. For those with families, goals may include college education for children. Whatever they are, financial goals include planned purchases and expenditures.Short- term goals often variegate from six months to one year, while long-term goals are plans from cardinal to ten years, perhaps even 20 years.Establish a Financial StrategyAn approach or strategy for a successful goal circumstance is one that is realistic and active and not in the back burner. Financial goals need to be reviewed sporadically, for changes, if necessary. If family is involved, the goals can be posted for the family to keep an eye on. Whatever strategy is used, a review of the goal should be done on a regular basis, monthly or fortnightly, to gear up proper manipulation of finances.Change a Strategy that Doesnt WorkBy all means, a financial goal that is deemed unworkable after some time, or due to a change in circumstance can either by abandoned o r modified. A lot of effort and thought are spent in setting up financial goals to effectively work and therefore should not be taken lightlyGiven the increasing levels of competition and ever ever-changing occurrences in the marketplace, any business corporate or entrepreneurial cant afford simply to work hard and make it a success. A business plan is a basic necessity in project management.Some business owners who agree that business planning is important also protest the neediness of time to plan in view of overburdening tasks. Another excuse given for not planning is that it limits options. Some business owners feel that a plan locks them into a set pattern of activities constricting their freedom to respond to opportunities. A good plan maps the best course of action to achieve predetermined objectives.Business PlanA business plan shows the purpose of the business and what it intends to accomplish. The more defined it is, the better equipped a business will be able to meet th e opportunities and risks that lie ahead. Business plans essential be used in the following instancesStarting up the businessMaking management decisionsDeveloping new productsExpanding the businessObtaining financingMaintaining and keeping controlAllowing other significant milestones in the businessBusiness Plan OutlineAlthough every business plan may vary depending on the business, certain components or sections are common to all business plans. Whats important is that it should be organized to provide essential information in a concise and logical format.Title PageTable of ContentsExecutive SummaryBusiness or Industry DescriptionProduct or run DescriptionOrganization DataFinancial InformationMarketing StrategyCompetitive AnalysisOperations PlanSuccessful Business Planning GuidelinesThe following guidelines are provided to assist entrepreneurs in the planning process and to make them become more proficient in using business plans to their advantage.Set aside time for planning All ocate time to do it. For your business to succeed, you must spend sufficient time on planning.Determine the needs to be accomplished what merely needs to be done? By identifying specific goal, attention can be focused on the key issues that have to be addressed retard availability and access to necessary data to plan effectively, information should be relevant, accurate and timely.Coordinate planning efforts with that of others make sure that people involved in the planning process are aware of what everyone else is doing. This is the only way to ensure that the various goals set for the business are consistent.Review the business plan periodically this is to ensure that the business objectives are clearly aligned to the business goals or objectives.Update the business plan Business experts normally recommend updating a business plan every six months. It is important to re-visit the business plan periodically to ensure it continuously meets the business needs.Make the business plan accessible. It must be ensured that the business plan is accessible to the employees who need it, for them to fully contribute their skills and expertise.Use the business plan this is the most important of all. The business plan, as the excogitation for business to succeed, must be put to full use.If unforeseen opportunities arise, the business plan can be changed to fit the circumstanceCommunication and MotivationOther goals that an organization may use its budget to achieve that are less obvious include communication and motivation. Budgets allow management to communicate goals and to promote goal congruence so resources can be coordinated and focused in key areas. Budgets also allow a company to motivate its employees by involving them in the budget. While top-down budgeting does not accomplish this goal very effectively, participative budgeting can be motivating. When an employee is involved in creating his or her departments budget, that person will be more likely to strive t o achieve that budget.Although business budgeting is a procedure that most businesses go through, it can be a greater tool than many people (and businesses) realize. The budgeting process can allow companies to communicate and achieve their goals, and allow them to monitor those achievements as well. It is also an important step in overall business strategic planning

The Marketing Practice From Islamic Perspective Marketing Essay

The Marketing Practice From Islamic Perspective Marketing EssayIntroductionThe purpose of this assignment is to analyze and study the marketplaceing berth in Malaysia, specially, a Malaysian company must be chosen and our choice of company is Mamee geminate Decker (M) Berhad. Various aspects of study down the stairs the subject exit keep back been considered. This includes the train market analysis, marketing mix consideration which consists of e preciseplacelap, hurt, packaging and dispersion decision. In order to analyze the internal and external problems facing the company, we feature done a SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat).This is to highlight and raise several problems or issues facing the company locally or internationally. Market seek on comsumer behavior and competition has also been carried turn up through a curriculum vitae questionnaires and the summary or report of the summary have also been done.Mamee multiply Decker Went Globa lBackground of the companyThe company chosen for this case analysis is Mamee treble-Decker Malaysia Berhad. Mamee was founded in 1971 by Datuk Pan Ching Hin and headquartered in Malacca. Mamee repeat Decker is Malaysia forage processing, raciness and diary product company. It in general produces and contends flash bulb noodles, snack, confectionery and bever progresss. Mamee Double Decker not only sells its product locally but had penetrated the international market as well. at present Mamee products are exported all around the world to more(prenominal) than 80 countries and area it serves includes Asia, Middle East, Africa, America, Europe and Oceania. Products produce by mamee are popular and well know to most households especially children.Marketing practice from Islamic perspectiveWhen mamee first came into existence, its products were only mamee monster noodle snack and twofold decker snack. Mamee later had gain erudition from several countries because of its disti nct and unique feature of the snack that is square-ish noodle like and the adorable face of monster on its packaging while the look-alike-decker snack , is a flavored snack with a choice of prawns chicken and cheese.The company then goes through a major diversification when it produces carbonated drinks under the brand cheers. Mamee instant noodles later was produced. However, unalike instant noodles are provided to cater different countries, For example mamee bihun, express noodles, and mi goreng are only available in Malaysia as it suits the Malaysian taste, while these products are not made for the overseas market. The company has produce mamee oriental noodles for outside market.Marketing Mix ConsiderationDecision made by the company regarding to the price, promotion and distribution are the elements of marketing mix consideration that is being use in reservation a decision..Product decisionInitially, mamee mainly focus in producing snacks, but it had diversify its products i n producing beverages such as soft drinks, cultured drinks and newly the new products by mamee, a juice under the brand Rio Fiesta a wellnessier options for drinks produced by mamee. All product produced by mamee comply to the standards required. The company had obtained Hazzard Analysis and Crtical Control Poiint (HACCP) certificate. The obtainment of this certificate subject matter that mamee had adhered to food safety from raw material production, procurement and handling, manufacturing, distribution and the consumption of the finished product. From Islamic point of view, mamee had free from gharar or uncertainty by providing commensurate products description and specification for all its products. This includes complete labeling and nutritious information, ingredients used and its expiry date.At the resembling time, other products evolve in the market under mamee double decker is nutrigen, is a cultured drink for children. Mister Potato was out of the market later after tha t, now, Mister Potato had officially become the global snack partner with Manchester United. a la mode(p) product by Mamee double decker is corntoz, corntoz is a crunchy snack came with different flavours and shapes.The main concern under this food processing, beverages and diary product industry is about whether the product are halal (permitted). Since this company mainly sells their products in Malaysia and in other Muslim countries, in that locationfore mamee double decker products must be certified halal. As inform in Malaysia Halal Directory, Mamee Double Decker had obtained the halal certificate for all of their products. Their products are free from additives made from animal sources that are forbidden in Islamic Law. Stabilizers, emulsion and colouring used in their production process are deemed as halal.Promotional ActivitiesMamee Double Decker, like many other companies in this competitive environs are driven to adapt an aggressive promotional strategies in order to ga in market share. Mamee Double Decker had use various promotional tools including advertising and gross sales promotion to capture the market. As reported in The Star newspaper July 17 2002, RM 40 million was allocated solely for promotional activities in Malaysia. On the same year, Mamee had made an aggressive advertising in Myanmar and china to create brand awareness to familiarize their products in these markets. Recently, Mamee had become an official snack partner with Manchaster United. This joint-venture is classic as it aims to boost its market share in Asia. One of the interesting activities that has been carried out through this partnership was The Ultimate Manchester United Experience contest. Lucky winners had been hard-boiled to a trip to Manchester united to meet their favorite football players.Mamee had also use Malaysia local celebrities, such as Mawi, Felix and Amalyea as ambassadors for mamee sllrpp products in Malaysia. In the recent festive season Hari Raya, Ma laysia celebrity Shahizi Sam was featured in mamee sllrrp advertisement and they had conduct a Mamee Kusayang Contest. This shows that Mamee Double Decker had made several aggressive promotion activities end-to-end the years. Its promotional activities adhered to the basic Islamic principle of business and Mamee had ensure its product reach the target market in all around the world. Any promotional activities to stimulate the demand from consumers are permissible as long as it does not exaggerating or breaching the Islamic principle. Activities like free samples, cash rebates, joint promotion and contest conducted by Mamee are therefore deemed permissible.Pricing DecissionPricing of mamee product are reasonable and affordable for the interest of all. This pricing strategy enables it to capture the market share of various market segments. For example in Malaysia, mamee monster snack only cost 30cents and mamee Double decker snack cost only RM2.50. Mamee had made no price discriminat ion for all of its product. The company Charge same price for same good in respective countries, irrespective of different markets. at that placefore Mamee pricing strategy is considered fair(Adil) and just.DistributionThe distribution channels of mamee food and beverages in Malaysia consist of three stages (producer,retailer,consumer). Mamee which is the producer leave behind sell its products in bulks to retailers (Giants, Tesco,etc) , and eventually retailers will sell it to the consumers. In international level, the distribution are being done through appointed subsidiaries.Mamee has favourable access to distribution networks in Malaysia. Mamee Double Decker has 13 distribution centers and has about 150 transport carrier for deliveries to about 1000 point of sales. Mamee Double Decker currently has five manufacturing facilities in Malaysia and one in Myanmar. Mamee Double Decker has modify marketing and distribution system while Mamee have assigned an export manager in each m anufacturing subsidiary. . There are three companies under Mamee Double Decker responsible in producing each of their respective lines and products for example snack food and chilled products (KMM), instant noodles (PP) and beverages (MDDB).Target Market AnalysisMamee Double Decker (M) Berhad is good in select and unique brand which targeted to all group of people according to the product tined. As the company began with a maven product and consistently grown to 50 products, targeted people become more. The household products brands like Mamee Monster, Mamee Instant and Mamee sllrrp, and Mamee snacks, are targeted to people whose age is from 6 to 30 years old. Targeted group in this range of age includes, children, teenage, students, working class, and family. This is because not all of its products are targeted to the same group of people.Products like Mamee monster, nutrigen, Double Decker are an examples of products that targets mostly childrens. In Australia, mamee monster sn acks is sold in their direct canteen. This shows that these products mainly attract children. Nutrigen is a cultured flavored drink that is targeted kids from age 6-12 years old.The second group is students. Mainly, products of Mamee that attracts students are instant noodle like Mamee slrrpp, snacks like double decker, mister potato and jacker. This is because, most students who normally live outside or far from their home need something instant or something to munch in between their meals. This will also eliminate the need to cook or having to buy foods outside. Moreover, snacks like Mamee monster and Double Decker are the loyal companions for students as well especially in times of stress while studying.Teenage like students needs snack during their leisure time. From the family structure perspective, a mother with at least 5 children, unremarkably will buy more groceries and household products. Children love to have snacks like Potato Chips, Potato Crisps and Cheer Beverage be cause the products are very convenient and it comes with different flavor based on their gustatory sensations. Furthermore, families who spend their spare time with picnic and party usually find Mamee products a reasonable choice.In term of target market demographically, though Mamee actually target low to middle income earners, high income earners are attracted to it as well because of its affordable and reasonable price.It is very clear that the size of it of the companys target market is very large and high. Everyone may be used and consume the product offered because it comes with varieties of food, snacks, beverages, instant noodles and to name a few.SWOT analysis energyOne of the strength pose by Mamee Double Decker (M) Berhad is as reported in recent mamee double decker (M) Berhad annual report, the company had experienced 57.3% growth of service before tax from 9.6 million. Mamee Double Decker(M) Berhad strength also lies in its ability to expand their business network by penetrating into new exports market. This is proved to be true as mamee experienced a growth of 6.2% in 2002 in its effort to venture to new exports market.The second strength of mamee is it has a good nature among customers, since has become part of the choice made by household largely in Malaysia, mamee so far had not fail to impress its consumers all over the world by providing a tip-top service from the process of production to distribution, we can see that mamee products reach consumer considerably as it is easily available in store from a small grocery store to large super markets.The third strength of mamee double decker is we can say that it has a rather unattackable brand name as according to their annual report, mamee had won several awards locally and internationally. The two local awards that mamee has honoured to receive are first, the chief minister awards for brilliant local Company Awards in recognition of Mamee Double Decker Berhad (M) to local industries and the second award is by Malaysian Manufacturer packaging Council of Malaysia, given over to one of Mamee Double Decker (M) Berhad product, that is Nutrigen Liteyo. Internationally, mamee had also been rewarded internationally recognized ISO 9002 togethe riwth China Awards Certificates.WeaknessThis includes the internal and external problem of Mamee Double Decker (M) berhad. The external problem pose by this company is as reported in the star newspapers 2007, mamee has not yet succeed in gaining a market share in China as there is a negative growth in Mamee double decker operation in China particularly,Mamee bus Food(Suzhou)Co. Ltd, demand for Mamee in China is low, thus generating low sales and tax and consequently the company had incurred higher loss. however the company did not loose hope and have confidence in its China operation and Mmaee had appointed a consultant to resolve this issue.The second external problem face by Mamee is high dependency of raw material from Europe a s such when there is a rise in Euro against USD the mamee double-decker earnings is affected since some of mamee products ingredients such as Mister potatao crips are imported from Europe, ,thus when the price of raw material increases, this gives haul to its profit margin. In order to overcome this problem, mamee needs to do more reaseach and development to reduce its dependency from outside.One internal problem in mamee double decker lies in its small number of manufacturing facilities, considering that mamee products are marketed all over the world, with only five manufacturing facilities , limited production can be made per day. If mamee want to go forward its product line, it will be restricted as there is a limited space for production.OpportunitySince now consumer are becoming more health cognizant, one opportunity for Mamee Double Decker is to come up with a product that is more healthy as it will give customer a more options for healthy good food. Mamee Double Decker pla ns to obtain health food supplier in an effort to expand its product line. Mamee had identified several suppliers and the company plans to negotiates with this suppliers in providing good supplies of foodThreatAs customer becoming more educated and conscious about the food they consume, consumer tends to compare prices and quality of products with other brands. currently in market there are various brands and product they offered similar to Mamee Double Decker. Thus, the threat of Mamee Double Decker is the competitors in market like for example, Munchys, Nestle, Unilever Foods.Mamee do not only pose an internal threat, but also external threat for example in terms of competitors in China is also obvious. Mamee face a greater threat especially in Shanghai, this is due to the complexity of market in China in addition to variety of snack food products produced by them. In Shanghai, mamee had to face competitors that have a greater market share like.Report on Consumer Behaviour for Ma mee Double DeckerIn order to evaluate the consumers preferences on Mamee Double-Decker products, a survey has been conducted within a population of 100 respondents and 30 out 100 were taken as a sample to this research. There were 17 male and 15 female involved in this sample. A set of 22 questions were asked during the survey session which majority of the respondents came from different background and the survey were conducted online. Before the surveys were taken in place, a short description of the company was given so that the respondents somehow know what they would be expecting during the session.Questions were separated into three part started with the personal background information then likert scale questions which evaluate their decision making in making purchases and the last part of the questionnaire cover their own given answer accordingly.Result follow suits right after the research conducted was done. Majority of the respondents were Malays which covers 91percent of the total sample taken. This is explained by the major ethnic in Malaysia is Malay followed by Chinese with 6percent and others 3percent. As for income level, most of the respondents categorized as middle class earners because their income level is range between RM1001 to RM3000 with 47percent are in this group while the remain 44percent belongs to lower income earner like students and jobless teenagers.Within this sample, most of the respondents are in their bachelor degree staying in urban area and living single life which eventually led them to such consumption with the ration of 638497 for all categories. 84percent of these respondents also admit that they enjoyed eating snack food and beverages with a typical consumption of 1 to 2 packs a day. Why this happening is because during the earlier age like teenagers in university, they are prone to having a quick and light food as on the go. This somehow explained the viability of the result.When it comes to factors to decision maki ng questions, the result was significantly expected. Almost all the respondents agreed that they are very cautious in choosing their favourite snack foods and beverages because this factor has to do with their taste buds. While pricing became the second factor that influenced the decision making 35percent agreed that price do play a vital role in their purchasing power.Morever, 55percent of the respondents were also somewhat agreed that Mamee Double-Decker do became their preferred brand and offer wide range of products under one roof with their given competitive pricing on the products compared to other brands. So most likely consumers can easily make decision in making purchases and less confusion.Unfortunately, Mamee Double-Decker wasnt still at the par in offering good taste for their products because only 47percent out of the total respondents were somewhat agree with the companys taste performance but the remaining disagree with it. However, 41percent of the respondents agreed that Mamee products are reachable in the market which eases them in making purchases.Majority of the respondents bought Mister Potatoes and Mamee Monster snack which are two of the most popular snack foods from Mamee Double-Decker and they usually bought it at convenience stores like 7-eleven and hypermarkets like Tesco. As for substitution for Mamee brand, they usually go for Jack n Jill brand and Nestle which are two of the top snack foods and beverages producers in the world. Thus this is threat for Mamee Double-Decker because of the stiff competition from these giant producers. Mamee Double-Decker should improve their products taste and perhaps packaging in order to stay competitive in the market despite having cheaper price strategy.In a nutshell, Mamee Double-Decker is a proud home-grown snack foods and beverages producer that went global. However, Mamee Double-Decker cannot be relied truly on domestic markets with their currents products either domestic market or internati onal market, instead they should keep doing product development program in order to come out with new line of foods and beverages that suits the preference of the consumers worldwide.Report on Competition for Mamee Double DeckerA survey has been conducted in order to evaluate the competition for Mamee Double-Decker products. Mamee-Double Decker (M) Bhd, which has made a name for itself with its snacks and confectionery products. A survey with a population of 50 was targeted and a sample of 30 was chosen for this research. Respondent consiste of 16 males and 14 females.The survey was a tight-fitting ended survey requiring customers to answer a multiple chouce question with a 5 asnwer options. A set of 15 questions have been asked regarding their brand preferences. Mamee Double Decker have various competitors on market for example, Munchys, Nestle, Unilver Food. Under this company they too had offered various consumer or food products for example, maggi, a brand for instant noodle.Ma mee to had rival branding for their beverages particularly cultured drink, for example, nutrigen cultured drink are competing against other various brands like yakult, vitagen and solivite.In a brief summary, 40% of respondents are quite loyal and take up buyer for mamee products while 60% of them are somewhat in a middle as they also have other preferences and branding in buy consumer goods products. Based on the survey conducted, consumer prefers brand yakult and vitagen more compared to nutrigen which come from Mamee products. This is believe due to the reason that yakult are better in terms of quality as they contain probiotics .On the other hand their champions products like Mamee Monster, Mamee Noodles, Mister Potato, Double Decker and Nicolet Swiss Herb Candy are more preferred by consumers. In a survey, 65% od consumers prefer more of these products because of it tastes and the prices are affordable as compared to other products such as Pringles, Indo Mee, Maggi and etc. H owever, the remaining percentage of 35% do prefer other snacks brands like Pringles,Lays, Doritos as they may have perceive this brand are better in quality and tastier compared to mamee products. .ConclusionIn conclusion, Mamee Double Decker is a company that have a potential to grow further and to compete aggressively with other products in the market. Since the company have established for quite a long time and has been consistently doing well, they have good prospects to progress in increasing its market share in foods and beverages industry in the future. face at its current marketing strategies and programs no doubt that this goal would be attainable. In our opinion, Mamee would not lose to its competitors in the market due to the fact that Mamee is continuously doing Research and Development (RD) to improve its quality of product and extends its product line. However, considering the change in behavior and lifestyle of consumers, that are increasingly, becoming more health conscious mamee should come up with a new products line that suit the changing need of customers.

Strategic development of UK retailer Marks and Spencer

Strategic development of UK retailer Marks and SpencerMarks Spencer ar iodine of the UKs largest retailers, with over 21 million people visiting M S stores e truly week. M S raise stylish, high quality, great value attire and home point of intersections and also excellent quality foods, responsibly sourced from around 2,000 suppliers worldwide. M S employ to a greater extent than 75,000 people in the UK and outside the UK and have over 700 UK stores, plus and growing international occupancy.M S are the viewl provider of women wear and lingerie in the UK, and are also rapidly altitude market share in menswear, kids wear and home, due in part to MS growing online business. Over entirely, M S clo occasion and home ware gross sales account for 49% of our business. The other 51% of M S business is in food, where M S retail ever soything from fresh produce and groceries, to partly-prepared meals and ready meals.M S also k without delay for their green identification as a result of their atomic number 23-year eco plan, Plan A, which will see M S, with other things, become nose thronedy neutral and also sending no waste to landfill by 2012.Companys Brief HistoryWith more than 120 years of heritage, Marks Spencer is one of the tumesce recognized British retailers. The M S has more than 500 stores within the UK and has more than 75,000 employers across the UK. M S also operates in the International Market, where it has a ontogeny business in or so places as far as Hong Kong.In recent years, the UKs retailing industry has been characterised by forceful competition. Consumers are more cognizant of where and how they feel equal to shop. They also know what kind of shopping understanding they require. This has made it much more complicated for retailers to carry on.Corporate Strategic emergenceHistoryThe original firm was a chain of PENNY BAZAARS, founded by Thomas Spencer and Michael Marks. It became a ho subprogramhold name thanks to the ef forts of Simon Marks and his friend Israel Seiff.M S has branches in approximately 28 countries all over the world. They mostly exist in British Societies and Eastern europium but this effort to demoralise bigger into Western europium and in the United States go failed because of their high prices and also of their basic British Vision of the corporation. M S also was oddly unsuccessful in France and even they were forced to close their stores in France because of the legislation which the French Government set in place to protect their labour force.In 1960s Marks and Spencer opened first store in Central Asia in Kabul, Afghanistan. This store was closed afterward some time because atmosphere of the urban center turned usual.In the middle of 1990s MS first ever TV commercial of clothing were handsomecast.In 20th Century MS became well reputed in market, when they make a policy of selling only British made sobers, mostly focusing on quality than the price to encourage trad ition. entrance of their mod clothing range in 2001 named Per Una designed by George Davies accompanied by a reshaping of their underlying business model their pro kick the buckets enlarged very sharply and MS improved a lot of its market share. Also change in their traditional policies including accepting credit card transactions and possible action MS stores on Sundays put stars on their reputation in market.Group Structure monetary PerformanceGrassroots organisations seem to work well with in a flat structure organisation as freely as analogously of Board of theater directors and Management. Flat Structure does not mean the elimination of someone responsibilities even flatness means the end of people with dominant authority over other individuals job. National people groups must avoid the ordinary slew of including small numbers of people heavily. They should try hard to engage large numbers of individuals lightly. Flat organisations, which highlight parallel connections , seem to be the best thing for linking large numbers of individuals lightly.Regular Based MeetingsA circularDividing everyday Jobs and responsibilitiesStaff TrainingStaff Members GatheringA forecast Processing operative interaction with power players and resource companies. Power players are people with the capability or skills to make job done politicians, owners of key businesses, media, government departments, heads of organization, landlords.The groups performance of the squad members for they year 2009 ended at promenade 31 was very unsatisfactory. The return on equity percentage and the income per share were nil as the organisation tax was only 1.3m in this year. The dividend cover was also nil because of the similar cause. The smart set paid all its revenue to the shareholders because the dividend cover was very low last year. Because of this, company had to put down-down the dividend approximately from 12.4p to 8.0p. Company planned for the same dividend even though t he company had about zero profit. The set reports outcome of three operational divisionsUK Retail scatteringInternational Retail Market financial Resource DivisionUK Retail DistributionThe UK Retail distribution, the biggest of the operating distributions, is itself sub-division into seven business units, each indicating a specify quarter of merchandiseWomens Wear,Mens Wear,Childrens WearLingerie,Beauty,Home,Foods.The First Six business units such as Womens, Mens and Childrens Wear, Lingerie, Beauty and Home are known as General and footage is in between these six units depending on engage and seasonal factors. The liberty is located due to the biggest single business unit that is Food and is relatively unbendable.Final Financial report in the UK retail defines a drop down in Sales and Operating Profit.Sales And Operating Profit In The End Of Financial YearsSales Operating profit____ 2001200020012000mmmmGroup Total8085.78185.5468.0542.0UK Retail6300.96582.7364.8445.1International Continental Europe288.0299.3(55.0)(40.5)European privilege Businesses264.3264.325.620.7Brooks Brothers445.1395.522.28.9Kings Super Markets317.1273.721.912.1East119.1105.27.3(4.2)International Retail MarketThe International Market of retail Business mainly consists of three broad geographic areasEurope excluding UKNorth AmericaEastThe International Retail Market results consist of those M S franchise businesses which operated 125 franchise stores in 26 countries. The European International Retail Market can be divided into the followingContinental EuropeRepublic of IrelandEuropean Franchise BusinessesThe group running dickens businesses in North America that areBrooks BrothersKings Super MarketsIn March 2001 Kings Super Markets and Brook Brothers operate in 27 and 221 stores respectively. In the end, in Far East the group deals with in 10 stores in Hong Kong.In this year, approximately every company did good business in this division comparatively to last year, with the exemption of Europes M S stores which increased their losses.Financial Resources DivisionOne of the important Commitments of M S in the integrated planning motorcycle is The Financial Resources Commitment. This commitment describes a number of Financial Resources Division InitiativesIntegrated Planning CycleCommitmentImproving Management of Resources ImplementingImproving our Internal tick EnvironmentEnhance TransparencyMS is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.After fostering significant harvesting in recent years, mid-2008 saw share prices plunge to well under half their value of twelve months before, as MS struggled to cope with more standpat(prenominal) shoppers in the credit crunch.Until 1999 MSs financial year ended on 31 March. Since then, the company has changed to reporting for 52 or 53 week periods, ending on variable dates.Year endedTurnover ( M)Profit before tax ( M)Net profit ( M)Basic esp. (p)28 March 20099,062.1706.2506.832.329 March 20089,022.01,129.1821.049.231 March 20078,588.1936.7659.939.11 April 20067,797.7745.7520.636.42 April 20057,490.5505.1355.029.13 April 20048,301.5781.6452.324.229 March 20038,019.1677.5480.520.730 March 20028,135.4335.9153.05.431 March 20018,075.7145.52.80.01 April 20008,195.5417.5258.79.031 March 19998,224.0546.1372.113.031 March 19988,243.31,155.0815.928.631 March 19977,841.91,129.1746.626.731 March 19967,233.7965.8652.6455.8Strategy AnalysisCollectively, the Board Team Members are responsible for the bright and excellence future of the company. In the run for of the Chief Executive, the Board delegate to management on the whole performance of the company by dint of building long-term management potential, setting clear goals of the company and ensuring that the business is supervised in conformity according to business values.Marks Spencer Board StructureCOMPANYS CHAIRMANChief ExecutiveExecutive DirectorOn-Executive DirectorOn-Executive DirectorOn-Executive DirectorOn-E xecutive DirectorCompetitive Strategy EnvironmentM S operates in a combative atmosphere. Its competitors are more nodes based and more in tune with the needs and the requirements of the customers. Such as on cloths vault of heaven, NEXT Debenhams have exploited the requirement for young people and in food sector Tesco and Sainsbury have expands its ranges of ready cooked meals.In UK there are no exit or entry barriers but the market is mature and therefore there is no bounces for a new company or a company from abroadto come and compete in these markets. In contrast M S experienced tone ending barriers when under the France law they were not permitted to close their France Stores and make their employees redundant with just a weeks notice. (Ralph, 1996 anon, 2004)New Group Strategy and StructureSubsequently a wide-ranging and comprehensive strategic review of its business, the Board of M S practiced significant changes to the Group strategy and structure in March, 2001. The main basics of this new plan areFocus on UK Retail MarketM S will sell only own brand fruits so it can guarantee customers the excellent quality, great value and good services. Main theme of the plan is the delivery of respectable improvements in product availability, product value and product appeal thereby regaining the relationships with core customers of M S.Clothing Recovery PlanM S has plans to rebuild the confidence of its customers in the qualityAnd fit of its clothing. It will sharpen pricing by rebalancing the price structure, expansion in the range of entry-price products and also well communicating this to customers.Expansion Food, Home and Beauty ProductsMS Foods continues to execute well and has rebuild customers trust for providing good quality and convenience. The business is a platform for future expansion and the Company is considering opportunities to get bigger through new locations and business channels.The Home business is increasing strongly, with home f urniture and gifts the best growing product areas. Beauty, although relatively small, is also growing rapidly. These two areas offer promising opportunities for progress and will be expanded.Store Renewal ProgrammeM S will go tumultuouser the rollout of the successful elements of its new idea format under a plan to renovate more stores sooner and at lower cost.Closer To The CustomerAs a company we should be in touch with our customers all the time in order to develop an awareness of what our customers think about the company, how they perceive the company and what they expect from the company. This awareness in turn enables us to constantly strive to meet our customers demands and also secure an organizations long-term survival and profitabilityIn order to be more customers based, some of M S stores in big cities will be opened 24 hours a day. On other hand, 125 stores in the UK will be modernised to create a behind-to-shop environment and more attractive for customers.Corporate -Level Strategy (BCG matrix)BCG Matrix is used to conceive the balance of the portfolio of the businesses in terms of relationship between market share and market growth. It is a company in a market that has slow growth and its market share is continuously shrinking. The industry in which M S operates is mature and market is likely to be enduring so it is more difficult to gain market share. Its assumed that M S is a decline phase organisation (Stockport,2000).PESTEL And SWOT AnalysisPolitical, Economic, Social, Technology, Environmental and Legal (PESTEL-Analysis)Political bulky term finishs are based on stable political surrounding. UK is also a member of European Union, as a result of which the government has to operate to live up to the standards of European Unions structure, hence, ensuring M S a greater scope of economic executions . The open transfer of goods products is another advantage of European Union making the sales operations of M S easier in European counties as there are no barriers to trade to aggravate its sales revenues.EconomicBritish pound is still stronger as compared to the Euro which is wherefore foreign investments for M S are relatively punker but expensive for the other foreign organizations willing to initiate in the UK. This is also a causality that some(prenominal) countries are not willing to trade.SocialPresently, the population in UK is 61.11 million which after 15 years from today is expected to reach to 65 million. This brings in good news to M S Company as many more customers will be added to its current list, however the population is ageing. (True Knowledge)second there is a dramatic change in the social structure. Medical services progress awareness of living increases life expectancy. Sex educations development increase in the number of professional or working women has led to a decrease in the rate of Birth which are the factors that have been accounting for go revenues for an experienced company such a s M S.TechnologicalNew Medias reception an age old internet bring in an evaluated potential probability to M S to grow its profits. Some U.S. based organizations are offering online orders where in people can mention their demands preferences which are sent to the production facilities after 2 or 3 working days customers receive their orders. This was simply another display case of possibilities by the use of which firms can actually respond to the ever changing preferences in new era.EnvironmentalProducts produced by supplier has affect on the atmosphere on how these produce is used and disposed by customers. Merchandisers use a vast range of knifelike materials to manufacture their products. Because of this, it is critical to handle the usage of these materials with sensitivity and pay proper regard to how they have an effect on natural habitats and bio-diversity.LegalThis is related to the legal environment in which firms work. In past years in the UK there have been a lo t considerable legal changes that have affected firms behaviour such as M S.SWOT-AnalysisStrengthsThe Brand of M S is an asset to it in terms of Quality, Style measure out for money. The reason for its success and excellent reputation is that M S sell only own brand products. M S identify the changes in customer preferences behaviour under extensive market overview as they are one of the largest retailers in the UK. The self production labelling enables M S to frequently adapt to the capricious market conditions which in turn also allows it to save time. Time saving Adaptability is really necessary for a firm to succeed in such fast moving market where time plays a key role.WeaknessesThe incomplete product range of M S, unfortunately, sometimes affects its regular customers who then happen to purchase from its competitors. An example of that would be that M S doesnt sell sportswear which consequently forces its customers to buy them from those who sell them. This adds t o the disadvantage of M S. An added disadvantage could be mentioned as an example i.e. A customer interested to buy M S sportswear ( if they had it ) might have been interested in buying some gift at the same time because of the presence of sufficient variety, which could have made it extra revenues . However as they dont have sportswear, they are losing on a good opportunity for revenue.OpportunitiesIn order to make profit, M S consider social rethinking as majority of people are getting conscious for natures significance nowadays. TO aim for Long Term success, M S could earn a reputation as a socially conscious firm by producing with the use of environment informal raw materials natural fibres.The key to success is uniqueness or individuality. According to the recent researches people are on an average are getting heavier taller. What now can convince people to realize the presence of mind of M S is its Adaptability.ThreatsThe big supermarkets or Discounters, despite of no t being present in the same market are potential threat to M S as they sell similar products. These products are offered by them for short duration i.e. at a really cheap price for a couple of weeks. Many people advertently buy these low priced products instead of going for a good quality. This strategy of Hit Run adversely affects the businesses of companies like M S.Michael Porter Five Forces ModelPorters five forces is a framework for the industry analysis and business strategy development developed by Michael E. Porter of Harvard Business School in 1979. It draws upon Industrial Organization (IO) economics to derive five forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. An unattractive industry is one in which the combination of these five forces acts to drive down overall profitability. A very unattractive industry would be one approaching pure competition, in which available profits for all firms are driven down to zero.Three of Porters five forces refer to competition from external sources. The remainder are internal threats. It is useful to use Porters five forces in conjunction with SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats).Threat of New EntrantsEntering into a New Market needs bulky finances to purchase necessary raw machineries, develop new products , hire staves , selling-rooms to build an organized systematic network . Organisations such as Jhon Lewis, Tesco Sainsbury can very easily enter into new markets as the monetary risk for banks are very elevated to assist smaller firms also that they do not have the potential to respond to the defensive attacks of breathing firms.Brand Loyalty is no more a threat to new firms, presently, thus making it a threat to M S. Customers use advanced engineering to evaluate compare several offers during a short span of time are willing to purchase the cheapest poss ible product. These Generation X or engineering savvy people have been a huge segment targeted by M S, which can be alarming for it.Threat of SubstitutesProduct substitution rehabilitation of Firm need to be distinguished while discussing substitution. The decision of a customer to purchase an item then a change in his decision to have another is referred to as Substitution of Product, i.e. A customer might probably buy a jumper if he merely does not like the design of a M S jacket. However, this had no impact to the revenue of M S.Substitution of M S for its competitor is referred to as company replacement. In the example mentioned previously the customer would have bought a new jacket from the competitors of M S. Now this affects the firm revenues.The Bargaining power of the buyersThere are several factors on which the power of buyer depends. Unlimited demand is met by countless suppliers in the U.K Retail market. Therefore if the customers are not satisfied they can alte rnate from one company to the other. Because of advanced technical knowledge their age group, the segments of people targeted by M S have adequate earning power. To specify changing demand buyer trends their pattern of spending should be carefully analysed.The customers of M S are mainly based in Britain. If M S turns unsuccessful in the British Market, it cannot compensate it by the revenues in the other marketsMarks Spencers Geographical RevenueRegionRevenueUnited Kingdom$ 1,488.6 mRest of Europe$ 29.6 mNorth America$ 0.0Australia$ 4.8 mMiddle East$ 8.8 mAsia$ 3.1 mTOTAL$ 1534.9 mBargaining power of SuppliersLabour costs are high for UK in comparison with that in Eastern Europe, Asia North Africa which is why that several firms have decided to outsource. Therefore there is a pressure on M S to produce high quality products without cutting its costs, however getting the production outsourced can be of great help as cheap labour can be appointed..Competitive RivalryAn increa sing number of foreign retail chains zero in on UK as a starting point to make it big in Europe. Example Giordano , a Hong Kong based clothing retailer is very successful plans to open operate stores in UK for its European expansion . Marks Spencer has been facing the counter-attack by Tesco Sainsbury in the recent past. Debenhams Marks Spencer have spent a lot of money for the development of their online operations. either possible measure to earn profits should be seemed in an Industry as this where so many firms produce the name products are only place by their marked labels.Future Strategic DirectionAs mentioned earlier we know that M S has a very wide market peculiarly in the UK. It has been successful since decades. The only weakness it has is lack of variety of product offerings in its current market. Using Product Development as its strategic pickax will enable M S to produce additional products to cover a wider segment from its existing market. As M S is reput ed Brand, the additional products like sportswear will be equally popular.Acceptability or the outcomes of Product Development strategy is another aspect that needs to be measured. If M S adopts the strategy of Product development it will be avoiding the risk of losing its market share . This will increase the value of shareholders assets.Feasibility, now we need to evaluate the relativity of Product Development strategy with the organizational capabilities its resources. Using its present capabilities all M S is supposed to do is to increase its line of products from its production houses. authorized capabilities resources will serve he purpose.For future, the aforementioned strategic choice has to be evaluated analysed in terms of suitability, acceptability feasibility. Suitability specifies whether or not the strategy of product development will suffice M S strategic situation.M S being an experienced player can easily access the broad market overview and adapt to the ch anges in consumer behaviour preferences. This can be a method to add to the benefits of M S in the short long run.To cut costs M S can rely more more steps towards outsourcing its production in underdeveloped or developing Nations without compromising on the Quality of its products. Online participation of M S on a large scale will add advantage to it over its competitors as a huge segment of customers served by M S is technology savvy. The promotion of Quality of M S through Internet can make a deflexion when it comes to saving its revenues being lost to the mail discounters or cheap supermarket clothing.UKs membership in the European Union is an advantage to M S as it provides an easy format of operation for European companies.

E.B. Whites Once More to the Lake Essay -- E.B. White Once More Lake

E.B. Whites Once More to the Lake Once More to the Lake, by E.B. White was an essay in which a nonplus struggles to find himself. The essay is about a little boy and his father. They go to a lake where the father had been in his childhood geezerhood. The father looks back at those years and tries to relive the moments through his sons eyes. He completes he cant, and has difficulty dealing with the fact that he cant go back in time.E.B. Whites way of letting the reader know that the father is in a way depressed, is through great detail and description. The story mentions how the lake has changes since the father had seen it last. How the once gravel roads have been paved over, and the flat solid boats are now replaced with boats with outboard motors. As the reader, one can sense a...